Repetition, Aspect, and Poetic Judgment in Psalm 96:13

לִפְנֵ֤י יְהוָ֨ה כִּ֬י בָ֗א כִּ֥י בָא֮ לִשְׁפֹּ֪ט הָ֫אָ֥רֶץ יִשְׁפֹּֽט־תֵּבֵ֥ל בְּצֶ֑דֶק וְ֝עַמִּ֗ים בֶּאֱמוּנָתֹֽו׃ (Psalm 96:13) Before the LORD, for He is coming, for He is coming to judge the earth! He will judge the world with righteousness, and the peoples with His faithfulness. Eschatological Expectation in Liturgical Poetry Psalm 96 celebrates the kingship of YHWH and His coming judgment over all the earth. The final verse, 96:13, brings the psalm to a climax with a powerful prophetic declaration, repeated for emphasis: The verse features the poetic repetition of כִּי בָא (“for He is coming”) and the use of aspectually significant verb forms that frame the judgment of YHWH as both imminent and certain.… Learn Hebrew
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The Syntax of Substitution: Grammatical Structures of Redemption in Exodus 13:13

וְכָל־פֶּ֤טֶר חֲמֹר֙ תִּפְדֶּ֣ה בְשֶׂ֔ה וְאִם־לֹ֥א תִפְדֶּ֖ה וַעֲרַפְתֹּ֑ו וְכֹ֨ל בְּכֹ֥ור אָדָ֛ם בְּבָנֶ֖יךָ תִּפְדֶּֽה׃ (Exodus 13:13) And every firstborn of a donkey you shall redeem with a lamb and if you do not redeem it then you shall break its neck and every firstborn of man among your sons you shall redeem. Overview: Ritual Regulation and Its Syntax Exodus 13:13 establishes sacrificial and redemptive protocol for firstborn males—both animal and human. The syntax of this verse reflects legal clarity, using conditional structure, modal imperatives, and tightly bound coordination.… Learn Hebrew
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Binyanim of Collapse and Defiance: Morphological Resistance in 2 Chronicles 13:7

וַיִּקָּבְצ֣וּ עָלָ֗יו אֲנָשִׁ֤ים רֵקִים֙ בְּנֵ֣י בְלִיַּ֔עַל וַיִּֽתְאַמְּצ֖וּ עַל־רְחַבְעָ֣ם בֶּן־שְׁלֹמֹ֑ה וּרְחַבְעָ֗ם הָ֤יָה נַ֨עַר֙ וְרַךְ־לֵבָ֔ב וְלֹ֥א הִתְחַזַּ֖ק לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃ (2 Chronicles 13:7) And worthless men gathered against him sons of worthlessness and they strengthened themselves against Reḥavʿam son of Shelomoh and Reḥavʿam was a youth and soft of heart and he did not strengthen himself before them. Weak Hearts, Strong Verbs This verse portrays a pivotal political fracture: rebellious men embolden themselves while a young king fails to stand firm. But beneath the rebellion lies a stunning use of Hebrew binyanim, shaping both the aggressors’ momentum and the monarch’s hesitation.… Learn Hebrew
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1 Kings 6:1 – Temporal Clauses and Construct State in Date Formulas

וַיְהִ֣י בִשְׁמֹונִ֣ים שָׁנָ֣ה וְאַרְבַּ֣ע מֵאֹ֣ות שָׁנָ֡ה לְצֵ֣את בְּנֵֽי־יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל מֵאֶֽרֶץ־מִצְרַיִם֩ בַּשָּׁנָ֨ה הָרְבִיעִ֜ית בְּחֹ֣דֶשׁ זִ֗ו ה֚וּא הַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשֵּׁנִ֔י לִמְלֹ֥ךְ שְׁלֹמֹ֖ה עַל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיִּ֥בֶן הַבַּ֖יִת לַיהוָֽה׃ (1 Kings 6:1) And it came to be, in the four hundred and eightieth year after the going out of the sons of Yisra’el from the land of Mitsrayim, in the fourth year in the month Ziv, it is the second month, of the reign of Shelomo over Yisra’el, he built the house for YHWH. Explanation of Feature This verse from 1 Kings 6:1 showcases the use of temporal clauses and construct state in expressing historical and calendrical dating.… Learn Hebrew
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Relative Clauses and Appositional Expansion in Narrative Description

וַיַּ֨עַשׂ לֹ֜ו לִשְׁכָּ֣ה גְדֹולָ֗ה וְשָׁ֣ם הָי֪וּ לְפָנִ֟ים נֹ֠תְנִים אֶת־הַמִּנְחָ֨ה הַלְּבֹונָ֜ה וְהַכֵּלִ֗ים וּמַעְשַׂ֤ר הַדָּגָן֙ הַתִּירֹ֣ושׁ וְהַיִּצְהָ֔ר מִצְוַת֙ הַלְוִיִּ֔ם וְהַמְשֹׁרְרִ֖ים וְהַשֹּׁעֲרִ֑ים וּתְרוּמַ֖ת הַכֹּהֲנִֽים׃ (Nehemiah 13:5) And he made for himself a large chamber and there formerly they would place the grain offering the frankincense and the vessels and the tithe of the grain the new wine and the oil the commandment of the Levites and the singers and the gatekeepers and the contribution of the priests Introduction to Nehemiah 13:5 This verse narrates how a large chamber was prepared for Eliyashiv, which had previously housed sacred contributions and offerings.… Learn Hebrew
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“Our Inheritance Has Been Turned Over to Strangers”: A Cry of Loss in Biblical Hebrew

נַחֲלָתֵ֨נוּ֙ נֶֽהֶפְכָ֣ה לְזָרִ֔ים בָּתֵּ֖ינוּ לְנָכְרִֽים׃ (Lamentations 5:2) Our inheritance has been turned over to strangers, our houses to foreigners. Word-by-Word Explanation נַחֲלָתֵנוּ – “our inheritance” Noun from נַחֲלָה meaning “inheritance,” “land,” or “heritage.” – The suffix ֵנוּ = “our” This refers to the ancestral land of Yisraʾel—something sacred and identity-defining. נֶהֶפְכָה – “has been turned over” Verb, 3rd person feminine singular niphal perfect of הָפַךְ, “to turn, overturn.” – Passive/reflexive form: “has been turned over” – Feminine singular to agree with נַחֲלָה This shows involuntary reversal—a tragic change of condition.… Learn Hebrew
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Buried Commands: A Beginner’s Walkthrough of Jeremiah 13:4

קַ֧ח אֶת־הָאֵזֹ֛ור אֲשֶׁ֥ר קָנִ֖יתָ אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל־מָתְנֶ֑יךָ וְקוּם֙ לֵ֣ךְ פְּרָ֔תָה וְטָמְנֵ֥הוּ שָׁ֖ם בִּנְקִ֥יק הַסָּֽלַע׃ (Jeremiah 13:4) This verse contains a string of Hebrew commands—strong, clear instructions that show us how verbs and phrases work in Biblical Hebrew. You’ll see verbs in command form, relative clauses, and how prepositions link ideas. Let’s unpack this step by step! English Translation (Simple and Direct) “Take the belt that you bought, which is on your waist, and arise, go to Perat and hide it there in the crevice of the rock.”… Learn Hebrew
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“Then All the Elders of Yisraʾel Came” — A Sacred Procession in Biblical Hebrew

וַיָּבֹ֕אוּ כֹּ֖ל זִקְנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיִּשְׂא֥וּ הַלְוִיִּ֖ם אֶת־הָאָרֹֽון׃ (2 Chronicles 5:4) And all the elders of Yisraʾel came, and the Levites carried the Ark. Word-by-Word Explanation וַיָּבֹאוּ – “And they came”Verb, from the root בּוֹא (“to come, enter”) – Form: wayyiqtol, 3rd person masculine plural (narrative past) – Prefix וַ signals a past narrative sequence (“and…”) This opens the scene with action: a solemn entrance. כֹּל – “all”Noun meaning “all” or “every” – Governs the next phrase, זִקְנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל This emphasizes the totality of the group arriving.… Learn Hebrew
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Folded Hands, Eaten Flesh: Learning Hebrew Through a Sharp Proverb

הַכְּסִיל֙ חֹבֵ֣ק אֶת־יָדָ֔יו וְאֹכֵ֖ל אֶת־בְּשָׂרֹֽו׃ (Ecclesiastes 4:5) The fool folds his hands and eats his own flesh. Word-by-Word Explanation הַכְּסִיל – “the fool.” The הַ is the definite article (“the”), and כְּסִיל is a noun meaning a foolish or senseless person—someone who rejects wisdom and sound judgment. חֹבֵק – “embraces” or “folds.” This is a participle from the root חָבַק (“to embrace, fold”). Here it vividly describes crossing the arms in idleness. אֶת־יָדָיו – “his hands.” The particle אֶת marks the direct object.… Learn Hebrew
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Biblical Hebrew Grammar Walkthrough for First-Time Learners

וְהָיָ֣ה הַנִּשְׁאָ֣ר בְּצִיֹּ֗ון וְהַנֹּותָר֙ בִּיר֣וּשָׁלִַ֔ם קָדֹ֖ושׁ יֵאָ֣מֶר לֹ֑ו כָּל־הַכָּת֥וּב לַחַיִּ֖ים בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם׃ (Isaiah 4:3) And it will be, the one remaining in Tsiyon and the one left in Yerushalayim, “holy” will be said to him, everyone written for life in Yerushalayim. Word-by-Word Explanation וְהָיָ֣ה – Means “and it will be.” The וְ (“and”) joins this sentence to what came before. The core verb הָיָה (“to be, happen”) is in the imperfect tense here, showing future time. הַנִּשְׁאָ֣ר – “the one remaining.” The הַ at the start is the definite article (“the”).… Learn Hebrew
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