Category Archives: Grammar

Biblical Hebrew Grammar

The Verb יֶהְגֶּה in Psalm 1:2

Introduction to Psalm 1:2 Psalm 1:2 describes the delight of the righteous in the Torah of YHWH, emphasizing continuous meditation on divine instruction. A key grammatical feature in this verse is the verb יֶהְגֶּה (yehgeh), which conveys the action of … Continue reading

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The Use of Antithetical Parallelism and Participles in Ecclesiastes 1:5

Introduction to Ecclesiastes 1:5 Ecclesiastes 1:5 is part of a poetic passage reflecting on the cyclical nature of the world. The verse describes the rising and setting of the sun, emphasizing its continuous movement. The grammatical structure of this verse … Continue reading

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Mastering Weqatal: Syntax, Function, and Usage in Biblical Hebrew

Weqatal (וְקָטַל) is one of the most complex and fascinating verbal forms in Biblical Hebrew. It plays a crucial role in expressing sequences, aspect, and modality, particularly in narrative and legal texts. This lesson will explore every detail of Weqatal, … Continue reading

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The Idiomatic Expression וַתָּ֥שָׁב רוּחֹ֖ו אֵלָ֑יו (“His Spirit Returned to Him”) in 1 Samuel 30:12

Introduction to 1 Samuel 30:12 1 Samuel 30:12 describes an Egyptian servant found in a weakened state by David’s men, who is then revived with food and water. The key phrase וַתָּ֥שָׁב רוּחֹ֖ו אֵלָ֑יו (“his spirit returned to him”) is … Continue reading

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The Syntax of Complaint and the Theological Significance of Divine Mercy in Jonah 4:2

Introduction to Jonah 4:2 Jonah 4:2 records Jonah’s prayer of frustration, in which he expresses his displeasure with God’s mercy toward Nineveh. This verse contains a structured complaint, using rhetorical questions, causal clauses, and divine attributes to highlight Jonah’s expectations … Continue reading

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The Prophetic Use of Metaphor and the Jussive and Cohortative Verb Forms in Divine Judgment in Hosea 2:3

Introduction to Hosea 2:3 Hosea 2:3 (in the Hebrew text) is part of a larger prophetic rebuke where YHWH warns Israel of the consequences of her spiritual unfaithfulness. The verse employs vivid metaphors—exposing Israel as a naked woman, a barren … Continue reading

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The Hebrew Verbal System: Wayyiqtol Forms in Biblical Narrative

וַתָּבֹ֤וא הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ אֶל־שָׁא֔וּל וַתֵּ֖רֶא כִּי־נִבְהַ֣ל מְאֹ֑ד וַתֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלָ֗יו הִנֵּ֨ה שָׁמְעָ֤ה שִׁפְחָֽתְךָ֙ בְּקֹולֶ֔ךָ וָאָשִׂ֤ים נַפְשִׁי֙ בְּכַפִּ֔י וָֽאֶשְׁמַע֙ אֶת־דְּבָרֶ֔יךָ אֲשֶׁ֥ר דִּבַּ֖רְתָּ אֵלָֽי׃ 1 Samuel 28:21 provides us with an excellent example of one of the most distinctive Read more […]

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The Prophetic Use of the Participle and the Structure of Divine Judgment in Micah 2:3

Introduction to Micah 2:3 Micah 2:3 occurs in a judgment oracle against Israel’s wealthy oppressors. The verse contains a divine pronouncement, using the participle חֹשֵׁב (“planning”) to describe YHWH’s active intent to bring disaster upon the unjust. The prophetic formula … Continue reading

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The Construct Chain in 2 Chronicles 35:3

2 Chronicles 35:3 in Hebrew: וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לַ֠לְוִיִּם המבונים לְכָל־יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל הַקְּדֹושִׁ֣ים לַיהוָ֗ה תְּנ֤וּ אֶת־אֲרֹון־הַקֹּ֨דֶשׁ֙ בַּ֠בַּיִת אֲשֶׁ֨ר בָּנָ֜ה שְׁלֹמֹ֤ה בֶן־דָּוִיד֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֵין־לָכֶ֥ם מַשָּׂ֖א בַּכָּתֵ֑ף עַתָּ֗ה עִבְדוּ֙ אֶת־יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹֽהֵיכֶ֔ם Read more […]

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The Use of Construct Chains in Job 1:3

Job 1:3 in Hebrew וַיְהִ֣י מִ֠קְנֵהוּ שִֽׁבְעַ֨ת אַלְפֵי־צֹ֜אן וּשְׁלֹ֧שֶׁת אַלְפֵ֣י גְמַלִּ֗ים וַחֲמֵ֨שׁ מֵאֹ֤ות צֶֽמֶד־בָּקָר֙ וַחֲמֵ֣שׁ מֵאֹ֣ות אֲתֹונֹ֔ות וַעֲבֻדָּ֖ה רַבָּ֣ה מְאֹ֑ד וַיְהִי֙ הָאִ֣ישׁ הַה֔וּא גָּדֹ֖ול מִכָּל־בְּנֵי־קֶֽדֶם׃ Introduction to the Verse Job 1:3 describes Job’s great Read more […]

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