Category Archives: Grammar

Biblical Hebrew Grammar

“Please Pray for Us”: Analyzing הִתְפַּלֶּל־נָא in Jeremiah 37:3

Introduction to Jeremiah 37:3: A King’s Desperate Request Jeremiah 37:3 records a politically and spiritually significant moment: King Tsidqiyyāh sends envoys to request intercessory prayer from the prophet Yirmeyāhū. The plea is encapsulated in the verb הִתְפַּלֶּל־נָא, meaning “Please pray!”—a … Continue reading

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The Struggle Within: Analyzing וַיִּתְרֹצֲצוּ in Genesis 25:22

Introduction to Genesis 25:22: Prenatal Prophecy and Maternal Distress Genesis 25:22 presents a moment of profound mystery: Rivqah experiences intense internal movement during pregnancy. The verb וַיִּתְרֹצֲצוּ describes what the unborn children are doing within her, and her response leads … Continue reading

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The Construct Chain in Psalm 1:3

Introduction to Psalm 1:3 Psalm 1:3 is a vivid poetic description of the righteous individual, comparing them to a tree planted by streams of water. The verse employs various grammatical constructs, including the construct chain (סְמִיכוּת), which plays a crucial … Continue reading

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The Hitpael Verb מִתְהַלֶּכֶת in Ezekiel 1:13

Introduction to Ezekiel 1:13 Ezekiel 1:13 presents a striking description of the living creatures in the prophet’s vision, depicting their likeness as burning coals of fire, moving like torches. A key grammatical feature in this verse is the verb מִתְהַלֶּכֶת … Continue reading

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The Qal Imperfect Verb אֶשְׁלָחֲךָ in Jeremiah 1:7

Introduction to Jeremiah 1:7 Jeremiah 1:7 records YHWH’s response to the prophet’s hesitation, reassuring him that his youth does not disqualify him from divine commission. A key grammatical feature in this verse is the verb אֶשְׁלָחֲךָ (ʾeshlaḥăkha), which appears in … Continue reading

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The Verb יֶהְגֶּה in Psalm 1:2

Introduction to Psalm 1:2 Psalm 1:2 describes the delight of the righteous in the Torah of YHWH, emphasizing continuous meditation on divine instruction. A key grammatical feature in this verse is the verb יֶהְגֶּה (yehgeh), which conveys the action of … Continue reading

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The Use of Antithetical Parallelism and Participles in Ecclesiastes 1:5

Introduction to Ecclesiastes 1:5 Ecclesiastes 1:5 is part of a poetic passage reflecting on the cyclical nature of the world. The verse describes the rising and setting of the sun, emphasizing its continuous movement. The grammatical structure of this verse … Continue reading

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Mastering Weqatal: Syntax, Function, and Usage in Biblical Hebrew

Weqatal (וְקָטַל) is one of the most complex and fascinating verbal forms in Biblical Hebrew. It plays a crucial role in expressing sequences, aspect, and modality, particularly in narrative and legal texts. This lesson will explore every detail of Weqatal, … Continue reading

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The Idiomatic Expression וַתָּ֥שָׁב רוּחֹ֖ו אֵלָ֑יו (“His Spirit Returned to Him”) in 1 Samuel 30:12

Introduction to 1 Samuel 30:12 1 Samuel 30:12 describes an Egyptian servant found in a weakened state by David’s men, who is then revived with food and water. The key phrase וַתָּ֥שָׁב רוּחֹ֖ו אֵלָ֑יו (“his spirit returned to him”) is … Continue reading

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The Syntax of Complaint and the Theological Significance of Divine Mercy in Jonah 4:2

Introduction to Jonah 4:2 Jonah 4:2 records Jonah’s prayer of frustration, in which he expresses his displeasure with God’s mercy toward Nineveh. This verse contains a structured complaint, using rhetorical questions, causal clauses, and divine attributes to highlight Jonah’s expectations … Continue reading

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