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Author Archives: Biblical Hebrew

About Biblical Hebrew

Learn Biblical Hebrew Online. Studying Biblical Hebrew online opens a direct window into the sacred texts of the Hebrew Bible, allowing readers to engage with Scripture in its original linguistic and cultural context. By learning the language in which much of the Tanakh was written, students can move beyond translations and discover the nuanced meanings, poetic structures, and theological depth embedded in the Hebrew text. Online learning provides flexible and accessible avenues to build these skills, whether through self-paced modules, guided instruction, or interactive resources. As one grows in proficiency, the richness of biblical narratives, laws, prayers, and prophetic visions comes to life with renewed clarity, making the study of Biblical Hebrew not only an intellectual pursuit but a deeply rewarding spiritual and cultural journey.

The Tribal Inheritance of Joseph’s Sons: Construct Chains in Joshua 14:4

Posted on July 10, 2014 by Biblical Hebrew
כִּֽי־הָי֧וּ בְנֵֽי־יֹוסֵ֛ף שְׁנֵ֥י מַטֹּ֖ות מְנַשֶּׁ֣ה וְאֶפְרָ֑יִם וְלֹֽא־נָתְנוּ֩ חֵ֨לֶק לַלְוִיִּ֜ם בָּאָ֗רֶץ כִּ֤י אִם־עָרִים֙ לָשֶׁ֔בֶת וּמִ֨גְרְשֵׁיהֶ֔ם לְמִקְנֵיהֶ֖ם וּלְקִנְיָנָֽם׃ (Joshua 14:4) For the sons of Joseph were two tribes Manasseh and Ephraim and they did not give a portion to the Levites in the land but cities to dwell in and their pasturelands for their livestock and for their possessions. Introduction to Joshua 14:4 Joshua 14:4 is part of the allotment of land among the Israelite tribes, specifically highlighting the inheritance of the descendants of יֹוסֵף (Yosef).… Learn Hebrew
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The Prohibition of Remarrying a Divorced Wife: Syntax and Verb Forms in Deuteronomy 24:4

Posted on July 9, 2014 by Biblical Hebrew
לֹא־יוּכַ֣ל בַּעְלָ֣הּ הָרִאשֹׁ֣ון אֲשֶֽׁר־֠שִׁלְּחָהּ לָשׁ֨וּב לְקַחְתָּ֜הּ לִהְיֹ֧ות לֹ֣ו לְאִשָּׁ֗ה אַחֲרֵי֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֻטַּמָּ֔אָה כִּֽי־תֹועֵבָ֥ה הִ֖וא לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְלֹ֤א תַחֲטִיא֙ אֶת־הָאָ֔רֶץ אֲשֶׁר֙ יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ נֹתֵ֥ן לְךָ֖ נַחֲלָֽה׃ (Deuteronomy 24:4) Her first husband who sent her away is not able to return to take her to be for him a wife after she has been defiled for it is an abomination before YHWH and you shall not cause the land to sin which Yahweh your God is giving to you as an inheritance. Introduction to Deuteronomy 24:4 Deuteronomy 24:4 is part of a legal passage dealing with divorce and remarriage within Israelite society.… Learn Hebrew
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The Use of the Verb שָׂנֵא in Deuteronomy 24:3

Posted on July 8, 2014 by Biblical Hebrew
וּשְׂנֵאָהּ֮ הָאִ֣ישׁ הָאַחֲרֹון֒ וְכָ֨תַב לָ֜הּ סֵ֤פֶר כְּרִיתֻת֙ וְנָתַ֣ן בְּיָדָ֔הּ וְשִׁלְּחָ֖הּ מִבֵּיתֹ֑ו אֹ֣ו כִ֤י יָמוּת֙ הָאִ֣ישׁ הָאַחֲרֹ֔ון אֲשֶׁר־לְקָחָ֥הּ לֹ֖ו לְאִשָּֽׁה׃ (Deuteronomy 24:3) And the latter man hates her and writes for her a scroll of cutting off and puts it in her hand and sends her away from his house or if the latter man dies who took her to himself for a wife. Introduction to Deuteronomy 24:3 Deuteronomy 24:3 is part of a legal passage addressing the conditions under which a divorced woman may or may not remarry.… Learn Hebrew
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The Use of the Hiphil Imperative in Genesis 1:11

Posted on July 7, 2014 by Biblical Hebrew
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֗ים תַּֽדְשֵׁ֤א הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ דֶּ֔שֶׁא עֵ֚שֶׂב מַזְרִ֣יעַ זֶ֔רַע עֵ֣ץ פְּרִ֞י עֹ֤שֶׂה פְּרִי֙ לְמִינֹ֔ו אֲשֶׁ֥ר זַרְעֹו־בֹ֖ו עַל־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַֽיְהִי־כֵֽן׃ (Genesis 1:11) And God said let the earth sprout vegetation herb yielding seed fruit tree making fruit according to its kind whose seed is in it upon the earth and it was so. Introduction to Genesis 1:11 Genesis 1:11 records part of the creation narrative, where God commands the earth to bring forth vegetation. The key verb in this verse, תַּֽדְשֵׁ֤א (tadshēʾ), is a Hiphil imperative, an important grammatical construction in Biblical Hebrew.… Learn Hebrew
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The Use of the Wayyiqtol Form in Esther 3:1

Posted on July 6, 2014 by Biblical Hebrew
אַחַ֣ר הַדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֗לֶּה גִּדַּל֩ הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ אֲחַשְׁוֵרֹ֜ושׁ אֶת־הָמָ֧ן בֶּֽן־הַמְּדָ֛תָא הָאֲגָגִ֖י וַֽיְנַשְּׂאֵ֑הוּ וַיָּ֨שֶׂם֙ אֶת־כִּסְאֹ֔ו מֵעַ֕ל כָּל־הַשָּׂרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר אִתֹּֽו׃ (Esther 3:1) After these things the king Ahasuerus exalted Haman son of Hammedatha the Agagite and he lifted him up and he set his throne above all the officials who were with him. Introduction to the Verse Esther 3:1 introduces the elevation of Haman to a position of high authority. The verb forms in this verse follow the wayyiqtol construction, which is a primary narrative tense in Biblical Hebrew.… Learn Hebrew
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The Use of Conditional Structures in Leviticus 12:8

Posted on July 5, 2014 by Biblical Hebrew
וְאִם־לֹ֨א תִמְצָ֣א יָדָהּ֮ דֵּ֣י שֶׂה֒ וְלָקְחָ֣ה שְׁתֵּֽי־תֹרִ֗ים אֹ֤ו שְׁנֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יֹונָ֔ה אֶחָ֥ד לְעֹלָ֖ה וְאֶחָ֣ד לְחַטָּ֑את וְכִפֶּ֥ר עָלֶ֛יהָ הַכֹּהֵ֖ן וְטָהֵֽרָה׃ (Leviticus 12:8 ) And if her hand does not find enough for a lamb then she shall take two turtledoves or two sons of a dove one for a burnt offering and one for a sin offering and the priest shall make atonement for her and she shall be clean. Introduction to the Verse Leviticus 12:8 outlines the alternative sacrificial offering for a woman after childbirth when she cannot afford a lamb.… Learn Hebrew
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The Use of the Qal Imperfect and Negative Particles in Leviticus 12:4

Posted on July 4, 2014 by Biblical Hebrew
וּשְׁלֹשִׁ֥ים יֹום֙ וּשְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת יָמִ֔ים תֵּשֵׁ֖ב בִּדְמֵ֣י טָהֳרָ֑ה בְּכָל־קֹ֣דֶשׁ לֹֽא־תִגָּ֗ע וְאֶל־הַמִּקְדָּשׁ֙ לֹ֣א תָבֹ֔א עַד־מְלֹ֖את יְמֵ֥י טָהֳרָֽהּ׃ (Leviticus 12:4) And thirty days and three days she shall sit in the blood of purification in any holy thing she shall not touch and to the sanctuary she shall not come until the fullness of the days of her purification Introduction to the Verse Leviticus 12:4 discusses the period of purification after childbirth, focusing on ritual purity laws. A key grammatical feature in this verse is the use of the Qal imperfect verbs along with the negative particles לֹא and עַד to express prohibitions and time restrictions.… Learn Hebrew
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Ezekiel 37:14 – Cohortative and Perfect Verbs of Promise

Posted on July 3, 2014 by Biblical Hebrew
וְנָתַתִּ֨י רוּחִ֤י בָכֶם֙ וִחְיִיתֶ֔ם וְהִנַּחְתִּ֥י אֶתְכֶ֖ם עַל־אַדְמַתְכֶ֑ם וִידַעְתֶּ֞ם כִּי־אֲנִ֧י יְהוָ֛ה דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי וְעָשִׂ֖יתִי נְאֻם־יְהוָֽה׃ (Ezekiel 37:14) And I will put my Spirit within you, and you shall live, and I will place you on your land; and you shall know that I am YHWH; I have spoken, and I have done it, declares YHWH. Explanation of Feature This verse from Ezekiel 37:14 highlights the use of perfect verbs in prophetic speech to express future certainty and fulfilled promise—a common prophetic technique in Biblical Hebrew.… Learn Hebrew
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The Use of the Niphal Imperfect in Exodus 35:2

Posted on July 3, 2014 by Biblical Hebrew
שֵׁ֣שֶׁת יָמִים֮ תֵּעָשֶׂ֣ה מְלָאכָה֒ וּבַיֹּ֣ום הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י יִהְיֶ֨ה לָכֶ֥ם קֹ֛דֶשׁ שַׁבַּ֥ת שַׁבָּתֹ֖ון לַיהוָ֑ה כָּל־הָעֹשֶׂ֥ה בֹ֛ו מְלָאכָ֖ה יוּמָֽת׃ (Exodus 35:2) Six days work shall be done and on the seventh day there shall be for you holiness a sabbath of solemn rest to Yahweh whoever does work on it shall be put to death Introduction to Exodus 35:2 Exodus 35:2 provides a command regarding the observance of the Sabbath, emphasizing the six days of work and the seventh day as a holy day of rest.… Learn Hebrew
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The Use of the Hiphil Imperfect in 1 Samuel 27:11

Posted on July 2, 2014 by Biblical Hebrew
וְאִ֨ישׁ וְאִשָּׁ֜ה לֹֽא־יְחַיֶּ֣ה דָוִ֗ד לְהָבִ֥יא גַת֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר פֶּן־יַגִּ֥דוּ עָלֵ֖ינוּ לֵאמֹ֑ר כֹּֽה־עָשָׂ֤ה דָוִד֙ וְכֹ֣ה מִשְׁפָּטֹ֔ו כָּל־הַ֨יָּמִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָשַׁ֖ב בִּשְׂדֵ֥ה פְלִשְׁתִּֽים׃ (1 Samuel 27:11) And man and woman David would not let live to bring to Gath saying lest they tell about us saying thus David did and thus his judgment all the days which he dwelt in the field of the Philistines Introduction to the Verse 1 Samuel 27:11 contains a Hiphil imperfect verb, which is key to understanding David’s actions and intentions.… Learn Hebrew
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