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The Use of Collective Singular and Plural Agreement in Genesis 11:1
וַֽיְהִ֥י כָל־הָאָ֖רֶץ שָׂפָ֣ה אֶחָ֑ת וּדְבָרִ֖ים אֲחָדִֽים׃
(Genesis 11:1)
And the whole earth had one language and the same words.
Genesis 11:1 introduces the Tower of Babel narrative by describing the state of human language before divine intervention. The verse contains an interesting grammatical interplay between singular and plural forms, particularly in שָׂפָ֣ה אֶחָ֑ת (safah eḥat, “one language”) and דְּבָרִ֖ים אֲחָדִֽים (devarim aḥadim, “unified words” or “same speech”). These constructions demonstrate how Biblical Hebrew expresses collective unity while maintaining distinctions between singular and plural agreement.… Learn Hebrew
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The Use of the Hiphil Imperative in Genesis 1:11
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֱלֹהִ֗ים תַּֽדְשֵׁ֤א הָאָ֨רֶץ֙ דֶּ֔שֶׁא עֵ֚שֶׂב מַזְרִ֣יעַ זֶ֔רַע עֵ֣ץ פְּרִ֞י עֹ֤שֶׂה פְּרִי֙ לְמִינֹ֔ו אֲשֶׁ֥ר זַרְעֹו־בֹ֖ו עַל־הָאָ֑רֶץ וַֽיְהִי־כֵֽן׃
(Genesis 1:11)
And God said let the earth sprout vegetation herb yielding seed fruit tree making fruit according to its kind whose seed is in it upon the earth and it was so.
Introduction to Genesis 1:11
Genesis 1:11 records part of the creation narrative, where God commands the earth to bring forth vegetation. The key verb in this verse, תַּֽדְשֵׁ֤א (tadshēʾ), is a Hiphil imperative, an important grammatical construction in Biblical Hebrew.… Learn Hebrew
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