Tag Archives: Jeremiah

“Then They Will Bring Out the Bones”: Analyzing וְהֹוצִיאוּ in Jeremiah 8:1

Posted on August 1, 2021 by Biblical Hebrew
Introduction to Jeremiah 8:1: Desecration as Judgment Symbol Jeremiah 8:1 begins a chilling oracle of judgment, declaring that even the honored dead—kings, priests, prophets, and residents of Yerushalayim—will be disinterred from their graves. The key verb in this verse, וְהֹוצִיאוּ (“and they will bring out”), is grammatically marked by the waw-consecutive imperfect form, which carries a strong narrative and prophetic function in Biblical Hebrew. This article will explore the morphology, syntax, and theological-literary function of this verb within the verse. בָּעֵ֣ת הַהִ֣יא נְאֻם־יְהוָ֡ה ויציאו אֶת־עַצְמֹ֣ות מַלְכֵֽי־יְהוּדָ֣ה וְאֶת־עַצְמֹות־שָׂרָיו֩ וְאֶת־עַצְמֹ֨ות הַכֹּהֲנִ֜ים וְאֵ֣ת עַצְמֹ֣ות הַנְּבִיאִ֗ים וְאֵ֛ת עַצְמֹ֥ות יֹושְׁבֵֽי־יְרוּשָׁלִָ֖ם מִקִּבְרֵיהֶֽם׃ Grammatical Analysis of וְהֹוצִיאוּ (ויציאו) The verb ויציאו (more precisely vocalized as וְהֹוצִיאוּ) is from the root יָצָא in the Hifil stem, meaning “to bring out” or “to cause to go out.”… Learn Hebrew
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“The Word That Came to Yirmeyahu”: Analyzing הַדָּבָר…לֵאמֹר in Jeremiah 7:1

Posted on July 1, 2021 by Biblical Hebrew
Introduction to Jeremiah 7:1: The Formal Superscription of Prophetic Speech Jeremiah 7:1 opens a new unit of prophecy, famously known as the “Temple Sermon.” The verse uses a standard formula to introduce divine speech: הַדָּבָר אֲשֶׁר הָיָה אֶל־יִרְמְיָהוּ מֵאֵת יְהוָה לֵאמֹר. This syntactic structure is typical of prophetic books and serves to authenticate and mark the source of the prophet’s message. In this article, we will analyze the grammatical structure of this superscription and explain how the elements function within biblical Hebrew prophetic style.… Learn Hebrew
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“If You Find a Man”: Analyzing אִם in Jeremiah 5:1

Posted on May 1, 2021 by Biblical Hebrew
Introduction to Jeremiah 5:1: The Search for Justice in a Corrupt City Jeremiah 5:1 opens with an evocative challenge: search the streets of יְרוּשָׁלִַם (Yerushalayim), seek out one just person. At the heart of this challenge is a double conditional structure using the Hebrew particle אִם (“if”). The verse offers a window into divine justice and mercy—showing that even one righteous individual could stay YHWH’s judgment. This article will explore the grammar and rhetorical power of the conditional particles אִם־תִּמְצְאוּ and אִם־יֵשׁ, and their implications in the context of prophetic indictment and covenant mercy.… Learn Hebrew
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“If You Return, O Yisra’el”: Analyzing תָּשׁוּב in Jeremiah 4:1

Posted on April 1, 2021 by Biblical Hebrew
Introduction to Jeremiah 4:1: The Call to Return and Its Conditional Framework Jeremiah 4:1 opens with a passionate invitation from YHWH to Yisra’el, framed by a double occurrence of the verb תָּשׁוּב—“you return.” This verse is structured around a conditional clause that blends legal, rhetorical, and theological dimensions. The repetition of תָּשׁוּב emphasizes both the possibility and the direction of true repentance. This article examines the grammar, syntax, and theological implications of this key verb in Jeremiah 4:1. אִם־תָּשׁ֨וּב יִשְׂרָאֵ֧ל נְאֻם־יְהוָ֛ה אֵלַ֖י תָּשׁ֑וּב וְאִם־תָּסִ֧יר שִׁקּוּצֶ֛יךָ מִפָּנַ֖י וְלֹ֥א תָנֽוּד׃ Grammatical Analysis of תָּשׁוּב The verb תָּשׁוּב comes from the root שׁוּב (š-w-b), meaning “to return” or “to turn back.”… Learn Hebrew
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“Would He Return?”: Analyzing הֲיָשׁוּב in Jeremiah 3:1

Posted on March 1, 2021 by Biblical Hebrew
Introduction to Jeremiah 3:1: Covenant, Divorce, and the Question of Return Jeremiah 3:1 opens with a rhetorical allusion to Deuteronomic law regarding divorce and remarriage (cf. Deut. 24:1–4). The core grammatical and theological tension is framed by the interrogative verb הֲיָשׁוּב—“Would he return?” This verse uses juridical imagery to confront Israel’s spiritual adultery and probes the unimaginable grace of YHWH’s invitation to return. This article will examine the verb הֲיָשׁוּב in its grammatical context, syntactic structure, and literary-theological implications in Jeremiah 3:1.… Learn Hebrew
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“And the Word of the LORD Came to Me”: Analyzing וַיְהִי דְבַר־יְהוָה אֵלַי לֵאמֹר in Jeremiah 2:1

Posted on February 1, 2021 by Biblical Hebrew
Introduction to Jeremiah 2:1: The Prophetic Speech Formula Jeremiah 2:1 begins with a classic prophetic formula: וַיְהִי דְבַר־יְהוָה אֵלַי לֵאמֹר, “And the word of the LORD came to me, saying.” This formula recurs throughout the prophetic literature and functions not only as a grammatical structure but also as a theological signal—indicating a moment of divine revelation to the prophet. In this article, we explore the grammatical structure, syntactic components, and theological function of this phrase in Jeremiah 2:1. וַיְהִ֥י דְבַר־יְהוָ֖ה אֵלַ֥י לֵאמֹֽר׃ Grammatical and Syntactic Analysis וַיְהִי – “And it came to pass” – This is a wayyiqtol (vav-conversive) form of the verb הָיָה (“to be”), 3rd person masculine singular.… Learn Hebrew
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The Construct Chain and Noun Phrase Syntax in Jeremiah 1:1

Posted on January 1, 2021 by Biblical Hebrew
Introduction to Jeremiah 1:1 Jeremiah 1:1 introduces the prophetic book by identifying the prophet’s lineage, his priestly background, and his geographic origin. The verse employs construct chains (סְמִיכוּת), a common feature in Biblical Hebrew used to express relationships between nouns. In this passage, construct phrases such as דִּבְרֵי יִרְמְיָהוּ (“the words of Jeremiah”) and מִן־הַכֹּֽהֲנִים (“from the priests”) serve to establish genitive relationships, connecting Jeremiah to his words, his family, and his town. This study will analyze the syntactic structure, noun relationships, and grammatical function of these construct phrases.… Learn Hebrew
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