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Descending into Night: Time Expressions and Poetic Parallelism in Biblical Hebrew
בְּנֶֽשֶׁף־בְּעֶ֥רֶב יֹ֑ום בְּאִישֹׁ֥ון לַ֝֗יְלָה וַאֲפֵלָֽה׃
(Proverbs 7:9)
At twilight, in the evening of the day, in the pupil of the night and in darkness.
A Walk into Darkness
Proverbs 7:9 comes from a narrative warning about the seduction of folly, particularly embodied in the adulterous woman. But rather than rushing into a description of action, the verse paints a setting—the moment of transition from day to night—using rich poetic devices. Central to this structure is the use of temporal prepositions, incremental parallelism, and a striking poetic metaphor: אִישֹׁ֥ון לַיְלָה (“the pupil of the night”).… Learn Hebrew
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