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The Syntax of Royal Speech: Proverbs 16:10 as Judicial Utterance
קֶ֤סֶם עַֽל־שִׂפְתֵי־מֶ֑לֶךְ בְּ֝מִשְׁפָּ֗ט לֹ֣א יִמְעַל־פִּֽיו׃ (Proverbs 16:10)
Overview: Syntax as the Throne of Judgment
Proverbs 16:10 is a proverb about royal authority, emphasizing the weight of a king’s words in the context of justice. The verse draws on metaphor and legal language, structured in a two-part parallelism. Its syntax reflects both reverence for royal speech and the ethical ideal that a king’s mouth should never betray justice.
Clause Structure: Bicolaic Parallelism
The verse is structured into two balanced clauses:
קֶ֤סֶם עַֽל־שִׂפְתֵי־מֶ֑לֶךְ
“An oracle is upon the lips of a king”
בְּמִשְׁפָּ֗ט לֹ֣א יִמְעַל־פִּֽיו
“In judgment, his mouth will not betray”
The relationship is both semantic and grammatical: the first half states a metaphorical principle, and the second expresses its legal consequence or ethical implication.… Learn Hebrew
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