Course Title: Biblical Hebrew
Course Overview
This course offers a thorough exploration of Biblical Hebrew, focusing on foundational grammar, syntax, vocabulary, and textual analysis, while providing deeper engagement with the cultural, historical, and theological context of the Hebrew Bible. Emphasis will be on both the linguistic structure and the real-world application of Biblical Hebrew within Jewish and Christian traditions. The course will also incorporate advanced tools and methodologies, including digital resources and modern approaches to textual criticism.
Course Objectives
- Read and write Biblical Hebrew with understanding of Masoretic vowel points and diacritical signs.
- Apply grammatical and syntactical principles for accurate translation and interpretation.
- Develop a significant vocabulary of frequently occurring biblical words.
- Translate selected passages with an understanding of their historical and cultural context.
- Recognize textual variations and manuscript traditions and their implications for interpretation.
- Use digital tools and other resources for ongoing study and research.
Course Outline
Module 1: Introduction to Biblical Hebrew and Real-World Relevance
- Class 1: Overview of the Hebrew Bible, Its Impact, and the Masoretic Text
- Role in Jewish and Christian traditions, modern languages, and interfaith dialogue
- Class 2: The Hebrew Alphabet and Script
- Practice with recognition and writing exercises
- Introduction to digital tools for learning the Hebrew alphabet
Module 2: Vowel Points, Diacritical Marks, and Practical Application
- Class 1: Masoretic Vowel Signs and Pronunciation
- Hands-on activities with pronunciation and vowel-pointed texts
- Group discussion on the significance of pronunciation in Jewish worship practices
- Class 2: Advanced Diacritical Marks
- Exercises with online dictionaries and grammar resources for hands-on practice
- Class 3: Transliteration and Reading Fluency
- Interactive quizzes for building reading speed
Module 3: Basic Grammar and Syntax with Historical Examples
- Class 1: Nouns and Adjectives in Context
- Exercises with vocabulary drawn from ancient Near Eastern texts
- Class 2: Pronouns, Prepositions, and Their Cultural Relevance
- Practice translating with historical and cultural context
- Class 3: Verbs in the Qal Stem
- Workshop on verb forms, integrating mobile apps for at-home practice
Module 4: Intermediate Grammar – Verb Stems, Syntax, and Real-World Texts
- Class 1: Verb Stems and Their Significance in Hebrew Poetry and Prophecy
- Exercises with selected Psalms and Prophetic texts
- Class 2: Imperative, Infinitive, and Participle Forms
- Interactive workshop and group translation exercise
- Class 3: Understanding Weak Verbs and Their Irregularities
- Integration of software tools to identify weak forms
Module 5: Advanced Syntax, Sentence Structure, and Manuscript Variations
- Class 1: Simple and Complex Sentences in Biblical Context
- Translation workshop with practice texts from ancient narratives
- Class 2: Poetry and Parallelism in Hebrew
- Analysis of poetic devices using selected Psalms
- Class 3: Textual Criticism and Manuscript Variations
- Introduction to manuscript traditions, using case studies of notable textual differences
Module 6: Vocabulary, Textual Analysis, and Independent Projects
- Class 1: Building Vocabulary with Cultural Context
- Use of digital flashcards and mobile apps for vocabulary building
- Class 2: Semantic Domains and Wordplay
- Group exercises in identifying wordplay and etymology
- Class 3: Independent Project Development
- Students select a research topic, with guidance on resources for deeper study
Module 7: Exegesis, Interpretation, and Theological Implications
- Class 1: Hermeneutical Principles
- Group discussions on interpretive challenges and theological implications
- Class 2: Interpreting Genre-Specific Passages
- Practical translation of law, narrative, and prophecy texts
- Class 3: Textual Challenges and Interfaith Dialogue
- Case studies on how interpretations vary across traditions
Module 8: Advanced Studies and Optional Topics
- Class 1: Special Topics in Hebrew Poetry and Prophetic Literature
- Optional deeper dive into Isaiah, Psalms, and other complex texts
- Class 2: The Dead Sea Scrolls and the Hebrew Bible
- Introduction to Qumran texts, with emphasis on historical insights
- Class 3: Student Presentations on Independent Projects
- Each student presents on a topic of choice, highlighting key learnings
Practical Application Enhancements
- Translation Workshops – Frequent in-class translation sessions, encouraging group work and peer feedback.
- Real-World Applications – Emphasize relevance of Biblical Hebrew in interfaith dialogue, modern language studies, and Jewish/Christian theology.
- Group Discussions – Weekly discussion sessions on historical and cultural contexts, connecting course material to real-world applications.
Technology Integration
- Digital Tools – Incorporate tools like Accordance Bible software, Blue Letter Bible, Tanakh Information, and online grammar checkers for enhanced learning.
- Mobile Apps – Recommend apps such as Duolingo or Memrise for vocabulary and grammar practice.
- Virtual Resources – Online dictionaries and grammar software for assignments and assessments.
Assessment and Feedback Improvements
- Varied Assessment Methods
- Quizzes and Tests – Focused on vocabulary, syntax, and translation.
- Translation Exercises – In-class and take-home exercises reviewed with peer and instructor feedback.
- Individual Research Projects – Allows students to explore areas of interest and apply interpretive skills.
- Oral Presentations and Group Projects – To practice Hebrew fluency and understanding of cultural context.
- Prompt and Constructive Feedback
- Provide timely feedback on assignments, quizzes, and translation exercises to help students identify areas for improvement.
- Offer one-on-one meetings with students to discuss individual progress and address specific challenges.
Additional Resources
- Recommended Textbooks – Suggested comprehensive and accessible textbooks for Biblical Hebrew, including grammar and syntax resources.
- Online Libraries – Access to digital libraries, such as JSTOR or Hebrew Union College resources, Tanakh Information, for advanced research.
- Study Groups and Peer Collaboration – Encourage students to form study groups and use online forums for peer-to-peer support.
- Supplementary Reading – Lists of articles and books for deeper understanding of ancient Near Eastern history, archaeology, and the Hebrew Bible’s cultural impact.
Optional Advanced Topics and Individualized Learning Opportunities
- Specialized Studies – Optional modules on topics like Hebrew poetry, ancient religious practices, and comparative Semitic languages for students interested in more advanced material.
- Independent Study – Encourage students to pursue independent research projects on topics of personal interest, with guidance from the instructor.
Final Notes
By addressing the areas of practical engagement, cultural context, advanced topics, technology integration, and diverse assessment methods, this revised syllabus aims to provide a comprehensive and immersive learning experience in Biblical Hebrew. Students will gain linguistic proficiency and a deeper appreciation of the cultural, historical, and theological dimensions of the Hebrew Bible, equipping them with valuable skills for further study and research in biblical and religious studies.
