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Mourning and Restraint: Imperatives, Prohibition, and Community Grief in Leviticus 10:6
Leviticus 10:6
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר מֹשֶׁ֣ה אֶֽל־אַהֲרֹ֡ן וּלְאֶלְעָזָר֩ וּלְאִֽיתָמָ֨ר בָּנָ֜יו רָֽאשֵׁיכֶ֥ם אַל־תִּפְרָ֣עוּ וּבִגְדֵיכֶ֤ם לֹֽא־תִפְרֹ֨מוּ֙ וְלֹ֣א תָמֻ֔תוּ וְעַ֥ל כָּל־הָעֵדָ֖ה יִקְצֹ֑ף וַאֲחֵיכֶם֙ כָּל־בֵּ֣ית יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל יִבְכּוּ֙ אֶת־הַשְּׂרֵפָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֖ר שָׂרַ֥ף יְהוָֽה׃
Opening Speech: וַיֹּאמֶר מֹשֶׁה אֶל־אַהֲרֹן…
וַיֹּאמֶר (“and he said”) is a Qal wayyiqtol 3ms of א־מ־ר (“to say”). The direct speech begins with Moses speaking to three recipients: אַהֲרֹן, אֶלְעָזָר, and אִיתָמָר — Aaron’s remaining sons. The plural audience sets up the imperatives and prohibitions that follow.
Commands of Restraint: רָאשֵׁיכֶם אַל־תִּפְרָעוּ וּבִגְדֵיכֶם לֹא־תִפְרֹמוּ
These are mourning prohibitions:
רָאשֵׁיכֶם (“your heads”) — the subject of the first clause
אַל־תִּפְרָעוּ — Qal imperfect 2mp of פ־ר־ע (“to let hair hang loose”), negated with אַל, a prohibitive particle
וּבִגְדֵיכֶם לֹא־תִפְרֹמוּ — “and your garments you shall not tear,” with תִפְרֹמוּ as a Qal imperfect 2mp of פ־ר־ם (“to tear”) and לֹא as the negator, typical in more general prohibitions
This structure prohibits mourning behaviors typically associated with grief, showing the special holiness required of priests in sacred service.… Learn Hebrew
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