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Under the Cover of Darkness: The Hebrew Syntax of Ambush in Joshua 8:3
וַיָּ֧קָם יְהֹושֻׁ֛עַ וְכָל־עַ֥ם הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה לַעֲלֹ֣ות הָעָ֑י וַיִּבְחַ֣ר יְ֠הֹושֻׁעַ שְׁלֹשִׁ֨ים אֶ֤לֶף אִישׁ֙ גִּבֹּורֵ֣י הַחַ֔יִל וַיִּשְׁלָחֵ֖ם לָֽיְלָה׃
(Joshua 8:3)
And Joshua rose, and all the people of war, to go up to Ai. And Joshua chose thirty thousand men, mighty men of valor, and he sent them by night.
Opening Wayyiqtol Chain: Coordinated Action
וַיָּ֧קָם… וְכָל־עַ֥ם הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה לַעֲלֹ֣ות הָעָ֑י
“And Yehoshua rose up, and all the people of war, to go up to ʿAi…”
The narrative begins with a series of wayyiqtol verbs:
וַיָּ֧קָם (and he arose)
וַיִּבְחַ֣ר (and he chose)
וַיִּשְׁלָחֵ֖ם (and he sent them)
This verbal chaining gives the account its forward-moving momentum, a hallmark of biblical Hebrew storytelling.… Learn Hebrew
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